The most common form of diagnostic imaging is an X-ray. These scans are used most commonly to detect broken bones and other skeletal conditions. This procedure is quick, painless and provides an image of the body’s structures – primarily the bones.

The image is generated when X-ray beams pass through your body. The beams are absorbed differently by materials of different density. Bone and metal are not absorbed at all and show up as white on X-rays. The air in your lungs shows up as black. Soft tissues partially absorb the X-rays and appear as shades of gray.

For some types of X-rays, a contrast medium — such as iodine or barium – is used to provide greater detail on the images. 

X-rays expose patients to a small amount radiation. Generally, this level of exposure is low, and the benefits are greater than the risks. Women who are pregnant or suspect they may be pregnant should talk to a doctor before having an X-ray.

Our general diagnostics team uses X-ray technology for both static and live images, including upper and lower GI studies. We are also proud to offer a total digital room, which helps to enhance our overall X-ray capabilities.

A radiologist views X-rays and provides the results to your doctor.

An MRI is a specific type of imaging scan that uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate detailed images of the body that can’t be easily seen with X-rays, CT scans or ultrasound. MRI scans do not require any radiation to produce images and are considered to be safer than other types of scans.

Individuals with metal implants including pacemakers must be evaluated prior to their scan to assure that the device is MRI compatible.

Because  MRIs allow radiologists to evaluate soft tissue in the body, these tests are often used to capture images of the brain. For example, if someone is having chronic headaches, a physician may order an MRI to get a better picture of what is happening. There are also situations where a doctor might order an MRI to look at other soft tissue structures such as muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Sometimes, doctors order MRIs immediately after X-rays or CT scans because MRI scans produce a more detailed image.

Ultrasound uses sound waves to produce images of structures within your body. The images can provide valuable information for diagnosing and directing treatment for a variety of diseases and conditions. Other terms for ultrasound include sonography or diagnostic medical sonography

The test can provide information about a baby’s growth, development, and overall health. Diagnostic ultrasound is used to view and provide information about other internal parts of the body. These include the heart, blood vessels, liver, bladder, kidneys, and female reproductive organs.

There are some limitations of ultrasound. Because sound waves don’t travel well through bone, ultrasound isn’t the best solution for body parts that are covered by bone, such as the lungs or head. It also may be difficult to use ultrasound to see organs or objects very deep in the human body. Other imaging tests, such as CT or MRI scans or X-rays, are better for these types of requirements.

Please find information about mammograms at HMH on the women’s health page.